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Tornadoes

Tornadoes

A tornado is a violently rotating column of air extending from the base of a thunderstorm down to the ground. Tornadoes are capable of completely destroying well made structures, uprooting trees, and hurling objects in the air like deadly missiles. 

Have you ever wondered what happens when a tornado strikes a building? According to researchers, the following are the principal effects of peak tornado winds:

  • Exterior walls and windows facing approaching tornadoes are often pushed inward onto interior rooms. This makes rooms with exterior walls the most dangerous places to be during a storm. 
  • Flying debris such as broken glass, wood splinters, or metals propelled by the powerful wind of the tornado have a devastating effect on people or objects in their path. 
  • Top portions of buildings such as chimneys and roofs can collapse into lower parts of buildings. This can cause severe damage and even death to people struck by these objects. 

TERMS USED DURING A TORNADO

Tornado Watch

Tornadoes are possible. Watch the sky and stay tuned to a NOAA Weather Radio, commercial radio, or television for information. Watch for alerts on your smartphone and check social media for information from trusted sources.

Tornado Warning

A tornado has been spotted or indicated by weather radar. Take shelter immediately. A warning can cover parts of counties or several counties in the path of danger.

SIGNS OF DANGER DURING A TORNADO

Warning Signs May Include The Following:

  • A change in the color of the sky
  • Wall cloud. This is an isolated lowering of the base of the thunderstorm. 
  • Swirling debris on the ground or debris rising in the air. 
  • Large hail. 
  • Funnel-shaped cloud extending from a thunderstorm. 
  • Roaring noise, similar to a freight train. 

WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER A TORNADO

  • Be weather-ready. Check your forecast regularly to see if you're at risk for tornadoes. Listen to a NOAA Weather Radio or local news for the latest information. Look for approaching storms and keep an eye on weather conditions. 
  • Be notified. Know how you will be warned if a tornado is in your area. Some communities have outdoor sirens, but they cannot always be heard indoors. Make sure your smartphone is enabled to receive wireless emergency alerts (WEAs). Download a local news app that will send weather push notifications to your smartphone. Stay tuned to local news on social media and have a NOAA Weather Radio to receive alerts. 
  • Know your safe spot. Pick a safe room in your home, such as a basement, storm cellar, or an interior room on the lowest floor with no windows. If you live in a mobile home or home without a basement, identify a nearby safe building you can get to quickly such as a community storm shelter, church, or a neighbor or family member's home. Never stay in a mobile home. Don't forget your pets. 
  • Practice. Develop a plan and have periodic tornado drills so everyone knows what to do if a tornado is approaching, including your pets in these drills. 
  • Do a household inventory. Take photos and videos of all major household items and valuables. Retain these in a safe place because they are important when filing insurance claims.
  • Secure objects. Move or secure lawn furniture, trash cans, hanging plants, or any other objects that can be picked up by the wind and become a projectile. Remove damaged or diseased limbs from trees. Install mobile homes using ground anchors and tie-downs in accordance with Wis. Admin. Code SPS 321.40(1)(q) and US CFR § 3285.402.

  • Pay attention to alerts. Stay updated on emergency information from EAS, NOAA Weather Radio, or local alerting systems
  • Take shelter immediately. The safest spot to be is in a safe room, storm cellar, or basement. Cover your head with your arms, a mattress, or a heavy blanket. 
  • If a storm cellar or basement is not available. Find a small, windowless interior room or hallway on the lowest level of a sturdy building. Stay away from windows and large auditoriums or warehouses.
  • Drive safely. Get to the nearest sturdy shelter. Never drive towards a tornado or in the vicinity of a tornado. Tornadoes can change direction or speed quickly. Drive at right angles away from the tornado. If flying debris occurs while driving, pull over and park. Never seek shelter under an overpass, if in a car, leave the car and lie flat in a low-lying area and cover your head, do not try to outrun a tornado. 
  • If outside. Find shelter in a sturdy building immediately if a tornado is approaching. Sheds and storage facilities are not considered safe locations. Neither are mobile homes. If unable to reach a shelter or sturdy building, lie flat in a ravine, ditch, or low-lying area and cover your head.
  • Stay in a shelter until the storm has passed. 

  • Be informed. Continue listening to NOAA Weather Radio or local news for updated information. Cooperate fully with public safety officials.
  • If you are trapped. Attract attention to yourself. Send a text message, bang on a wall or pipe, or use a whistle to help rescuers find you. 
  • Check for injuries. Do not attempt to move seriously injured people unless they are in immediate danger. Get medical assistance immediately. 
  • Stay out of damaged buildings. Be aware of hazards such as exposed nails, broken glass, or damaged utilities. 
  • Check utilities. Check gas, electrical, and water lines for damage. If you smell gas or see a broken line, shut off the main valve from outside. If you see frayed wiring or sparks, immediately shut off the electrical system at the main circuit breaker. Watch out for fallen power lines or broken gas lines. Report them to the utility provider immediately. 
  • Take pictures. Take pictures of your property and buildings as well as contents inside the building. This will help you with insurance claims. 
  • Hearing strange house noises. Leave your home or building if you hear shifting or unusual noises. Those sounds could mean the building is about to collapse. 
  • Be safe during cleanup. Wear the appropriate gear such as thick-soled shoes, long pants, and work gloves. Use appropriate face coverings or masks if cleaning mold or other debris. 
  • Check in with neighbors. If you are safe, make sure those around you are not in danger or if they need help. It can take time for first responders to reach a disaster site, and you may be the help until they arrive. 

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